Educazione democratica e riforma della scuola in Giappone nell’era della globalizzazione: alimentare la speranza nell’apprendimento al di là del cinismo

Masamichi Ueno

Abstract


In this paper, I will present an innovative vision of the publicness of schools and democracy by focusing on the hope for learning and living in a way that transcends cynicism in the global era. Since the late 1990s, interest in the reconstruction of publicness in education has grown amid the move from post-World War II educational systems to globalized social and political contexts characterized by the overwhelming victory of neoliberalism. Japanese educational reform has put emphasis on the “zest for living” and has fostered marketization, liberalization, and deregulation. Students’ cynicism about learning has been reinforced by social changes such as growing income inequality, sluggish labor markets, and social and family crises. In the global era, the ray of hope for learning and living consists in building educational democracy and enacting school reform based on innovative learning philosophy and methods.

Riassunto: Nel saggio presenterò un’innovativa visione del carattere pubblico della scuole e della democrazia, focalizzandomi sulla speranza nell’apprendimento e in un modo di vita che vada oltre il cinismo dell’era della globalizzazione. A partire dalla fine degli anni ’90 del XX secolo l’interesse per la ricostruzione del ‘pubblico’ in educazione è cresciuta contestualmente al passaggio dai sistemi educativi del secondo dopoguerra a contesti sociali e politici caratterizzati dalla schiacciante vittoria del neoliberismo. Le riforme educative in Giappone hanno messo l’accento sul “gusto per la vita” e hanno favorito la mercatizzazione, liberalizzazione e deregolamentazione. Il disincanto degli studenti riguardo all’apprendimento è stato rinforzato da mutamenti sociali come la crescente ineguaglianza nel reddito, la fiacchezza dei mercati del lavoro e la crisi sociale e familiare. Nell’era globale, il raggio di speranza circa apprendimento e vita risiede nella costruzione di una democrazia educativa e nell’attuazione di una riforma scolastica basata su una filosofia dell’apprendimento e metodi innovativi.

 


Keywords


school reform; publicness; John Dewey; hope for learning; democracy

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