L’etica anarchica come fondamento di alternative educative
Abstract
In this article, the distinctions between anarchism as a political philosophy are outlined and contrasted with that of liberal democratic theory upon which much of educational philosophy is based. The principles upon which the social anarchist position rests are briefly outlined with respect to the state, authority, and human beings’ way of interacting with and relating to one another. Next, some of the anarchist critiques of state-controlled schooling are considered. Following the discussion of traditional anarchism, largely rooted in late 19th and early 20th century European workers’ movements, some of the foundational principles of contemporary anarchism, beginning in the 1960s and continuing up through the present, are considered. Finally, the article conceptualizes what it might look like to utilize anarchist principles as an organizing framework for education and how these principles might be put into action in a real-world educational context.
Riassunto: Nel presente articolo si delineano le distinzioni all’interno dell’anarchismo in quanto teoria politica e sono poste in contrapposizione con la teoria liberal-democratica su cui si basa molta parte della filosofia dell’educazione. Si tratteggiano brevemente i principî su cui si fonda la posizione sociale anarchica riguardo lo Stato, l’autorità e il modo in cui gli esseri umani interagiscono con e in relazione gli uni agli altri. Vengono quindi prese in considerazione alcune delle critiche anarchiche al sistema scolastico controllato dallo Stato. Dopo aver discusso l’anarchismo tradizionale, per lo più radicato nei movimenti operai del XIX e XX secolo, si prendono in considerazione alcuni dei principî fon- danti dell’anarchismo contemporaneo, a partire dagli ’60 del ’900 fino ai nostri giorni. Infine, l’articolo tematizza che cosa possa significare utilizzare i principî anarchici come cornice organizzativa dell’educazione e come questi principî possano essere messi in atto in un contesto educativo reale.
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