Educazione e pubblicità. Retorica, potere e eclissi dell’etica nell’era neoliberista
Abstract
Abstract
Over the last three decades, extensive analysis has been provided about what we may call neoliberal mindset. Aims, tools and effects of such a logic over schooling and education have been scrutinized by scholars from different disciplines, ranging from educational theory to policy analysis, from economics to sociology. However, little attention has been paid to the rhetorical aspect of neoliberalism. In this paper, by analysing several documents from authoritative educational institutions and ONGs – US Department for Education, EU Council, Australian Department for Education and Training, OECD, UK Department of Education –I go deep in the neoliberal rhetoric and language. Analysing its features, I shall display a disquieting similarity – if not equivalence - between the language employed by private edu-providers – such as Pearson and Edison – and famous brand – Mercedes, Nike, Puma, Panasonic, to name a few. Such an issue begs the question as to how the actors of education - teachers, students, educators - should think and enact their roles and how they should live the concrete practice of education within a landscape shaped by such a rhetoric. In other words, what is the image conveyed by this uniform language and, in turn, what are the projects, dreams, desires, and understandings that such rhetoric underpins and arouses?
Riassunto
A partire almeno dagli anni Novanta il paradigma neoliberista è stato oggetto di numerosissime analisi, non soltanto in economia. Studiosi di politiche educative, sociologia, etica ne hanno approfondito caratteristiche, effetti e logica interna. Nonostante l’attenzione dedicata, relativamente pochi studi sono stati prodotti su quella che possiamo definire la retorica neoliberista, cioè il linguaggio nel quale tali politiche vengono presentate e disseminate. In questo lavoro, analizzando diversi documenti di autorevoli istituzioni educative – il Dipartimento per l’Educazione degli Stati Uniti, l’Unione e il Consiglio Europeo, il Dipartimento per l’Educazione e l’Apprendimento d’Australia, l’OCSE, per citarne alcuni – proverò a mostrare una inquietante somiglianza – se non equivalenza – fra a) il linguaggio istituzionale dell’educazione; b) il linguaggio di due fra le principali agenzie private di prodotti e servizi educativi – Edison e Pearson; e c) quello di famosi marchi commerciali – Mercedes, Audi, Puma, Nike, per citarne alcuni. La questione porta ad interrogarci sul come gli attori dei processi scolastici e educativi debbano vivere educazione e apprendimento quando queste vengono comunicate con lo stesso linguaggio in cui, ad esempio, una famosa casa automobilistica cerca di vendere il suo ultimo modello. Detto in modo più diretto, quali desideri, progetti, riflessioni, comportamenti alimenta questa retorica in docenti, studentesse e studenti?
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