Cybersecurity and products: challenges and liability in interconnected societies

This volume represents the final output of the interdisciplinary research project CyberPro, funded by the San Raffaele University of Rome. The work was realized through a strategic partnership between the Observatory on Product Cybersecurity based at Università San Raffaele and the Research Centre in European Private Law (ReCEPL) at Università Suor Orsola Benincasa. It brings together revised contributions originally presented during the project's final international conference, which took place on 29 November 2024 at the Italian Supreme Court. The collection of academic essays explores the complex link between cybersecurity, technological innovation, and legal liability within interconnected societies. The contributions analyse the impact of crucial European regulations, starting from the AI Act, the NIS 2 Directive, and the new discipline on liability for defective products, applying them to critical sectors such as digital healthcare and autonomous mobility. Particular attention is paid to the protection of vulnerable subjects and the management of risks arising from algorithmic systems, proposing a shift from a reactive to a preventive model of liability. The text furthermore examines advanced technological tools, including blockchain and ISO certifications, as means to ensure transparency and data security. In this light the work delineates the new frontiers of European private and public law in an attempt to harmonize digital progress with the safeguarding of fundamental rights and human dignity.